GEREKSİZLİK (GEREK YOK) DON’T HAVE TO -  NEEDN’T, &  YASAKLAMA  MUSTN'T                                                                                                                                                                             

GEREKSİZLİK

(a)     You don’t have to buy any eggs. We have plenty at home.

(b)     Bob doesn’t have to bring his guitar. We have one.

(c)     It’s holiday today. We don’t have to get up early.

 (a),(b), ve  (c) cümlelerinde  “don’t have to”  eylemin yapılmasının gereksiz olduğunu ifade etmektedir.

(d)     You don’t need to buy any eggs. We have plenty at home.

(e)     You needn’t buy any eggs. We have plenty at home.

(f)       You don’t need to pay the bill today. You can pay it tomorrow as well.

“Don’t need to” ve “ needn’t”,“ don’t have to” ile aynı anlamda olup, hepsi yapılan eylemin gereksiz olduğunu ifade ederler.

YASAKLAMA 

(g)     You must not enter this room.

(h)     Cars mustn’t be parked here.

(i)       You mustn’t go out alone at nights.

Mustn’t bahsedilen eylemin yapılmasına izin verilmediğini, yasaklandığını ifade eder. Bir başka deyişle, “You mustn’t do it,” = “ Don’t do it!” demektir.

TAVSİYEDE BULUNMA : SHOULD, OUGHT TO , HAD BETTER

(a)     You look sick. You should see a doctor.

(b)     You look sick. You ought to see a doctor.

(c)     You should study harder to pass the test.

(d)     Drivers should wear seat belts.

“Should” ve “ ought to” aynı anlamda olup, her ikisi de bahsedilen eylemin yapılmasının iyi olacağından ve bu eylemlerin yapılmasının önemli olduğundan bahseder.

(e)     You shouldn’t eat so much sweet food.

(f)       Children shouldn’t be allowed to watch horror films.

 “should”  olumsuz yapısı;  “ shouldn’t.

(g)     You had better take your umbrella, or you will get wet.

(h)     You had better hurry up; otherwise we will go without you.

(i)       You ‘d better go to bed early tonight. You have to get up early tomorrow. You may be late to the exam.

(j)       You had better not be late to the meeting.

“Had better”  genellikle daha kuvvetli bir anlam verir.Had better anlam olarak bir uyarı mesajı verip, buna uyulmaz ise kötü sonuçlar olabileceğini ifade eder.