TEST – 30
Skiing is a popular sport, enjoyed by people of all
ages. The best skiers, that is, the professionals,
have until recently been Europeans. The Austrians,
the French, and the German have generally been the
fastest in international competitions. Recently,
however, skiers from other countries have also come
to the fore and demonstrated their skills. As a
result, interest in the sport has become worldwide,
and this has led to a highly competitive ski
industry.
1. It is clear from the text that the European
countries .............
a. are determined to improve their skiing skills
b. are now losing their lead in skiing sports
c. will soon dominate the ski industry in the world
d. regard skiing as the world's most popular sport
e. regret having invested so heavily in the ski
industry
2. The author emphasizes that the development of the
ski industry in the world .............
a. owes little to the growing international interest
in this sport
b. has been fastest in countries outside Europe
c. has been the result of the efforts made by the
European professionals
d. has been to the benefit of the European countries
e. is due to the growing international popularity of
skiing as a sport
3. According to the text, as a sport, skiing
.............
a. arouses little interest outside Europe
b. is in the hands of professionals only
c. is not confined to any special age group
d. is rapidly becoming too expensive for most people
e. originally came into being in Austria
The Amazon basin is a huge area in Brazil. It has
always attracted businessmen on account of its
valuable and rich resources such as rubber, coffee
and cocoa. However, it is not easy to make money by
starting an enterprise there. As the Brazilians say,
''If you want to succeed, you must believe in the
Amazon, and you must be young.'' many rich men,
including Henry Zolan, have poured money into the
area and gone away with nothing.
4. The author points out that many businessmen
.............
a. have expected to make their fortune in the Amazon
basin, but most of them have been disappointed
b. have invested heavily in the Amazon basin and
made huge profits
c. have followed the example of Henry Ford and
started an enterprise in the Amazon basin
d. have only been interested in importing rubber,
coffee and cocoa from the Amazon basin
e. have followed the advice of the Brazilians and
become rich
5. According to the text, there has been a great
deal of economic interest in the Amazon basin
.............
a. and the interest is still growing rapidly
b. even though Henry Ford invested very little money
there
c. but very few people have actually invested money
there
d. since many investors have lost money in the
region
e. because the region has a wealth of raw materials
6. One can understand from the text that the Amazon
basin .............
a. is producing less and less in the way of raw
materials
b. still remains a challenge to businessmen and does
not give easy profits
c. is rich in rubber, coffee and cocoa, but in
nothing else at all
d. is fast becoming one of the world's major
industrial regions
e. no longer welcomes foreign investments
As industrial developments have distorted production
methods, types of automatic equipment and varieties
of outputs, society has begun to be familiar with
economic progress involving not only changes in
machinery but also in man-not only expenditures on
equipment but also on people. Asset in people makes
it possible to take advantage of technical progress
as well as to keep on that progress. Upgrading in
health makes asset in education more satisfying by
extending life expectations. Asset in education
expands and extends knowledge, causing advances that
raise productivity and improve health.
7. To the author, asset in education
....................... .
a. has a direct impact on production techniques
b. will contribute positively to human progress
c. has little significance for economic progress
d. is far more important than investment in health
e. has led to certain specific technological changes
8. The passage is mainly dealing with
........................ .
a. the question of economic progress and
productivity
b. the necessity of improvement in health services
c. long term benefits of investment in education
d. the impact of economy in life expectancy
e. new education policies to meet technological
needs
9. According to the passage,
........................ .
a. questions of increased output must be given
priority
b. economic progress depends largely on
technological developments
c. expenditures should be evenly distributed among
the sector
d. improvements in the health services are urgently
required
e. society was slow to realize the need to invest in
man
Both as a line of work and as a discipline,
economics lost substantial status during the
recession of 1984-85. The crisis that seized the
western developed countries, including US, was of a
character not to be found in economics textbooks:
rate of inflation exceeding 20% a year attached with
diminishing production and high rates of
unemployment. Up till now, peacetime price rises had
been linked with high employment and an overactive
economy, while high rates of unemployment went with
decline or misery. The next combination was rightly
called stagflation.
10. According to the passage, the term stagflation
means ........................ .
a. the combination of high inflation and economic
decline
b. high unemployment in spite of high levels of
production
c. a decrease in the rates of inflation
d. inflation in an overactive economy
e. high levels of peacetime inflation
11. It is said in the text that the economic crisis
of the mid-1980's ........................ .
a. followed the same pattern as earlier economic
crisis
b. had little effect on the industry of developed
countries
c. caused people to lose faith in economics
d. caused the economy to be overactive
e. was characterized only by high inflation and low
production
12. The main idea stressed in the passage is
........................ .
a. the growing unpopularity of economics as a
science
b. the relationship between unemployment and
recession
c. the industrial decline of US and some Western
countries
d. the unusual nature and the extensive effects of
the economic crisis of the 1980's
e. how to combat high inflation and unemployment
Political crime is different from everyday crime
only in the motivation of the offender. A bank
robbery, a theft, drug smuggling, kidnapping, or
murder is no more a crime for being politically
motivated. In this perspective, terrorism is defined
as ''aggravated aggression for political ends'';
this differentiates terrorism both from vandalism
and from crimes of violence in which no political
motivation is detected. Political crime is therefore
a wider term than terrorism, which is an acute form
of it. The connection between the two is as between
the whole and the part.
13. It is argued in the passage that
........................ .
a. terrorism rarely stems from political
considerations
b. a bank robbery cannot be politically motivated
c. vandalism and political crime are one and the
same thing
d. there is no relationship between political crime
and terrorism
e. a crime is still a crime even though it may be
politically motivated
14. The writer argues that a crime is political
................. .
a. so long as it is committed against politicians
b. if it is related to vandalism
c. if violence is involved
d. only when the end is political
e. when drug-running and kidnapping are excluded
15. A title for this passage could be
........................ .
a. Forms of Political Crime
b. Political Crime and Terrorism
c. Illegal Activities
d. Avoidance of Political Crime
e. The Spread of Terrorism
All of us would agree that we know a number of
different things. If challenged to give a catalogue
of what you know, you might say, for example, that
you know the Italian and French languages, how to
swim, how to drive a bus, how to analyze a chemical
substance, that you know some history and some
geography, that you know a number of different
people, and so on. The list even in general terms
like this would be a very long one, and it would not
be possible, for practical purposes, to set out such
a catalogue in detail. But one thing is obvious from
the few examples I have given; the word ''know'' is
commonly used in many different senses.
16. The key point of the passage is
........................ .
a. that the frontiers of knowledge cannot be defined
b. to make people realize how little they know
c. to demonstrate how variable are the meanings of
the word ''know''
d. whether it is desirable to know everything
e. that knowledge can be acquired from different
sources
17. It is shown in the text that
........................ .
a. the cataloguing of knowledge is deceptive
b. most people's knowledge is one-sided
c. people have more theoretical than practical
knowledge
d. theoretical knowledge is underestimated
e. people are confident they know a great many
things
18. A suitable title for this text could be
........................ .
a. Practical Knowledge
b. Catalogues of knowledge
c. Learning Foreign Languages
d. Defining the Word ''know''
e. Common Terminology
Secularization as it has developed since the Middle
Ages has consisted in substituting for supernatural
and theological explanations naturalistic and
reasonable ones. This change is one of the most
profound affecting mankind and forms the basis of
modern democratic government and of our scientific
technological age. In a society based on divine
right of kings there could be no genuinely
democratic government in the modern sense. Democracy
is built on the plan that the individual has a right
to judge political issues for himself.
19. According to the text, with the rise of
democracy ........................ .
a. supernatural ideas have given way to theological
ones
b. scientific and technological progress has been
neglected
c. secularization has lost its traditional meaning
d. the individual has lost many of his former rights
e. the traditional concept of the ''divine rights of
kings'' has vanished
20. It is argued that the process of secularization
........................ .
a. has had no impact on the concept of monarchy
b. goes back to pre-medieval times
c. has led to systems of democratic government
d. has no relevance to the exercise of individual
rights
e. has failed to overcome superstition and magic
21. In the development of modern society
........................ .
a. medieval institutions have not been neglected
b. democracy has been of little significance
c. technological supremacy has been the ultimate aim
d. the impact of secularization has been of primary
importance
e. individual rights have been curtailed
The atom bomb and still more the hydrogen bomb have
caused new fears, involving new doubts as to the
effects of science on human life. Some eminent
authorities, including Einstein, have pointed out
that there is a danger of extinction of all life on
Earth. I do not myself think that this will happen
in the next war, but I think it may well happen in
the next one but , if that is allowed to occur. If
this expectation is correct, we have to choose
within the next fifty years or so, between two
alternatives. Either we must allow the human race to
exterminate itself, or we must forgo certain
liberties which are very dear to us.
22. It is stated that ........................ .
a. the scientist should ignore moral issues
b. Einstein seldom agreed with other scientists as
regards the value of human life
c. science is not always beneficial to mankind
d. personal liberties are the things we should fight
for
e. scientists will prevent any further war
23. The writer believes that the only way to avoid
war ........................ .
a. cannot be found within the next half century
b. is to give up certain much loved liberties
c. is to submit everything to arbitration
d. is by a voluntary lowering of economic standards
e. is by fairly facing the problems of all nations
24. A suitable title for this text could be
........................ .
a. What Choice to Make?
b. Another Nuclear War
c. Einstein and His Theories
d. The Extermination of Mankind
e. How to Safeguard Liberties
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